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Turkey (Erdoğan era), as realized, 2015-present

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The Erdoğan era refers to the period of Turkish governance under Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, encompassing his tenure as Prime Minister from 2003 to 2014 and as President from 2014 onward. It is centered in Turkey, a transcontinental state straddling southeastern Europe and western Asia, with Ankara as the seat of government. The era is principally associated with a 2017 constitutional referendum that shifted Turkey from a parliamentary to a presidential system, concentrating executive authority in the presidency.

Cluster:Transformative Command

Its loudest feature is a floor across the procedural Principles: Rule of Law & Consistency, Transparency & Honesty, Inclusiveness & Pluralism, and Non-Maleficence all strongly depressed, with Authority & Hierarchy elevated. Existing constraints give way to directed change.

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